What can fail a DOT physical?

Uncontrolled high blood pressure, certain vision or hearing limits, unmanaged diabetes or sleep apnea, and some medications can affect certification. Many conditions are manageable — talk to the examiner about what's needed to certify.

How far ahead should I renew?

Schedule the physical several weeks before your card expires so a follow-up or paperwork delay doesn't put you out of service.

The DOT Medical Card & Physical

What the DOT physical checks, how often you need it, and why a lapse can pull your CDL.

Key Facts

You must pass a DOT physical from a certified examiner and carry a valid Medical Examiner's Certificate ('medical card') to drive commercially.
Cards are valid for up to 24 months, but examiners can issue shorter cards for conditions that need monitoring.
Your medical certification is tied to your CDL — a lapse can lead the state to downgrade or invalidate your license.
Always go by the exact date printed on your card, not a flat 'two years.'

What it is

To drive commercially you must pass a DOT physical from a medical examiner listed on FMCSA's National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners and carry a valid Medical Examiner's Certificate — your 'medical card.' It confirms you're physically fit to operate a commercial motor vehicle safely.

How often

Most cards are good for up to 24 months, but the examiner can issue a shorter card (often 3–12 months) for conditions like high blood pressure that need monitoring. Always go by the date printed on your card — not a flat 'two years.'

Why it matters

Your medical certification is tied to your CDL. If it lapses, your state can downgrade or invalidate your license, and you can't legally drive until it's restored. Schedule the renewal well before the expiration date on your card, and keep proof on hand.

Frequently Asked Questions

What can fail a DOT physical?: Uncontrolled high blood pressure, certain vision or hearing limits, unmanaged diabetes or sleep apnea, and some medications can affect certification. Many conditions are manageable — talk to the examiner about what's needed to certify.
How far ahead should I renew?: Schedule the physical several weeks before your card expires so a follow-up or paperwork delay doesn't put you out of service.